Marrow
Genomics · Genetic Reports · Precision Wellness

Bone Health

Personalized Genetic Report
Bone Health ProblemsBone Health Nutrients
Sample ClientReport date: 29 July 2026
Genomics · Genetic Reports · Precision Wellness
Marrow Health Laboratories
Marrow
Accession #: MRW-26-13784A
Report type: Summary Report
Report status: FINAL

Specimen and client information

Client
Sample Client
Specimen type
Buccal (cheek) swab
Date reported
29 July 2026
Accession
MRW-26-13784A
Panel
Bone Health
Results scored
17
Need attention
4
Report
Summary Report

What this report covers

Bone Health Problems · Bone Health Nutrients

About this report

This report reads your DNA and sorts every result into one of five plain-language groups, so you can see at a glance what deserves attention and what does not. Nothing here is a diagnosis. A flagged result means your genetics place you above or below the average person for that trait — a reason to ask a question, not a reason to worry.

What each result group means

Worth a conversation with your doctor
These came back with a higher genetic predisposition than most people. That is not a diagnosis — it means these are the ones worth raising at your next appointment.
Running above the typical range
Your genetics point to these sitting higher than average. Often useful to know, sometimes worth monitoring.
Running below the typical range
Your genetics point to these sitting lower than average. Same idea — context, not alarm.
Working in your favour
Good news. Your genetics look protective or better than average here.
In line with most people
Nothing unusual. These were tested and came back typical — worth having on record.

Your results at a glance

How to read this. A result being flagged does not mean you have a condition — it means your genetics put you above or below the average person for that trait. Of the 17 results here, 4 came back worth discussing with a clinician and 2 came back in your favour. Bring this document to your appointment.

What this package looks at

Bone Health — Bone health is crucial for maintaining a strong skeletal system, mobility, and overall physical well-being. While lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise play important roles in bone health, genetics also significantly influences how strong and resilient your bones are.

What you can actually do

These are ordered by how closely they relate to your flagged results — not generic health advice. Marrow does not prescribe, dose, or tell you to take anything. Diet and lifestyle changes are listed first because they are yours to make. Anything you would swallow is listed separately, by name only, as something to raise with a clinician who knows your history and your medications.

Changes you can make yourself

1
Broccoli

Incorporate at least one cup of chopped broccoli, either steamed or raw, into your daily diet.

Relates to: Calcium, Vitamin K
relevance
2
Collard Greens

Incorporate at least one cup of cooked or two cups of raw collard greens into your diet 3-4 times a week.

Relates to: Calcium, Vitamin K
relevance
3
Kale

Aim for a balanced diet consisting mostly of plant-based foods and lean protein sources, adjusting portions sizes to meet your individual nutritional needs and health goals.

Relates to: Calcium, Vitamin K
relevance
4
Salmon

Choose wild-caught salmon when possible for higher omega-3 content.

Relates to: Calcium, Hypoparathyroidism
relevance
5
Sardines

Incorporate two to three servings of sardines into your diet each week.

Relates to: Calcium, Hypoparathyroidism
relevance
6
Strength Training

Engage in strength training exercises, such as weight lifting or bodyweight exercises, for 60 minutes per session, TA 2 to 3 times per week.

Relates to: Bone Cancer
relevance

Worth asking your clinician about

These came up in the research behind your flagged results. They are listed by name so you can ask about them. Marrow is not recommending them, and gives no dose. Supplements interact with prescription medication and with each other — that conversation belongs with your clinician.

1
Maintain Optimal Vitamin D Levels
Relates to: Calcium, Hypoparathyroidism, Vitamin K
relevance
2
Dietary Calcium
Relates to: Hypoparathyroidism
relevance
3
Vitamin D and Calcium
Relates to: Calcium, Bone Cancer, Hypoparathyroidism
relevance
4
Magnesium
Relates to: Hypoparathyroidism
relevance
5
Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Relates to: Bone Cancer
relevance

Your headline findings

Of the 17 results in this package, these 4 came back furthest from the population average. Each one below explains what it is, where you sit, and which report it came from. Start here.

Bone CancerMore likely
More likely to have bone cancer based on 24,472 genetic variants we looked at

What this actually is

The exact causes of bone cancer are not well understood, but several factors can increase the risk: Genetic disorders: Certain inherited genetic disorders, such as hereditary retinoblastoma and Li-Fraumeni syndrome, are linked to a higher risk of bone cancer.

Previous radiation therapy: Exposure to high doses of radiation, such as those used in previous cancer treatments, can increase the risk.

Paget’s disease: This bone condition, mostly seen in elderly people, may increase the risk of developing osteosarcoma.

What you can do

  • Strength Training
    Engage in strength training exercises, such as weight lifting or bodyweight exercises, for 60 minutes per session, TA 2 to 3 times per week.

Ask your clinician about

  • Vitamin D and Calcium
  • Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Named only. Marrow gives no dose and does not recommend these.

From your Bone Health report
HypoparathyroidismMore likely
Higher predisposition than average

What this actually is

The condition can following surgical remove the Management of and vitamin D prevent symptoms.

Some patients may of their calcium quality of life. offers a more their use remains daily injections.

Ask your clinician about

  • Maintain Optimal Vitamin D Levels
  • Dietary Calcium
  • Magnesium

Named only. Marrow gives no dose and does not recommend these.

From your Bone Health report
CalciumIncreased need
Likely increased need for calcium based on 49,961 genetic variants we looked at

What this actually is

Key Takeaways: The amount of calcium in the blood at any given time is controlled by vitamin D and parathyroid hormone.

Much of the world's population is at risk for low calcium.

Beyond diet, it is important to maintain adequate vitamin D levels as well.

Ask your clinician about

  • Maintain Optimal Vitamin D Levels
  • Maintain Optimal Vitamin D Levels
  • Vitamin D and Calcium

Named only. Marrow gives no dose and does not recommend these.

From your Bone Health report
Vitamin KIncreased need
Likely increased vitamin K need based on 11 genetic variants we looked at

What this actually is

Key Takeaways: Genes involved in higher or lower vitamin K levels may influence vitamin K breakdown, fat metabolism, and collagen and bone formation.

Having low vitamin K levels may contribute to bone health issues like osteoporosis.

is essential for blood clotting and bone health.

What you can do

  • Broccoli
    Incorporate at least one cup of chopped broccoli, either steamed or raw, into your daily diet.
  • Collard Greens
    Incorporate at least one cup of cooked or two cups of raw collard greens into your diet 3-4 times a week.

Ask your clinician about

  • Maintain Optimal Vitamin D Levels

Named only. Marrow gives no dose and does not recommend these.

From your Bone Health report

Where your genetics are working for you

Not everything in a genetic report is a warning. These came back protective or better than average.

Bone SpursLess likely
Less likely to have bone spurs based on 1,676 genetic variants we looked at
Your risk is greater than 5% of the population and lower than 95% of the population.

What this actually is

Bone spurs develop as a result of bone and joint degeneration and are primarily associated with the aging process.

However, they can also arise from underlying diseases and conditions that affect bone and joint health: Osteoarthritis: The most common cause of bone spurs, osteoarthritis involves the breakdown of cartilage, leading to joint damage and increased bone friction.

Spinal degeneration: Bone spurs commonly occur in the spine as a result of the degeneration of discs and joints, often due to aging.

From your Bone Health report
ScoliosisLess likely
Less likely to have scolisosis based on 541,912 genetic variants we looked at
Your risk is greater than 19% of the population and lower than 81% of the population.

What this actually is

The impact of scoliosis on an individual can range from negligible to severe, potentially leading to discomfort, pain, and in some cases, respiratory and cardiovascular issues due to the distortion of the ribcage.

Treatment options depend on the severity and progression of the curve and can include observation, bracing, or surgical intervention.

Bracing is commonly used to prevent further progression of the curve in growing children and adolescents, while surgery may be reserved for more severe cases to correct and stabilize the spine.

From your Bone Health report

Everything else that came back

The remaining results, grouped by what they mean. Every one of these is explained in full — with the genes and variants behind it — in the technical version of this report.

Running above the typical range  (1)
  • GC (Vitamin D) — Higher activity
In line with most people  (10)
  • Bone Infection — Typical likelihood, 65th percentile
  • Spinal Canal Narrowing — Typical likelihood, 60th percentile
  • Fractures — Typical likelihood, 37th percentile
  • Osteoporosis — Typical likelihood, 33th percentile
  • Hyperparathyroidism — Typical likelihood
  • Vitamin D — Typical need
  • Phosphate — Typical levels
  • Magnesium — Typical need
  • VDR (Vitamin D) — Typical activity
  • CYP2R1 (Vitamin D) — Typical activity

What to do with this

Genetics is a predisposition, not a verdict. The single most useful thing you can do with this document is take it to a clinician and talk through the flagged findings — especially any that line up with symptoms you already have or conditions that run in your family. Nothing here changes: your DNA is the same at 60 as it is today, so this report does not expire.

Methodology

Genotyping was performed on DNA extracted from a buccal (cheek) swab using a genome-wide array. Results are derived from peer-reviewed genome-wide association data and, where applicable, published clinical guidelines. Each report was scored independently against its own reference set. Percentile figures describe where your result sits relative to a reference population.

Limitations

This is a laboratory-developed test. It has not been cleared or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Genotyping does not detect all variants in the genes assessed; the absence of a flagged result does not exclude risk. Predisposition is probabilistic and is modified by environment, lifestyle, ancestry and family history. Results must be interpreted by a qualified healthcare professional and must not be used alone to diagnose, treat, or alter any medication regimen. Marrow does not recommend, prescribe, or dose any supplement or medication.

Performing laboratory & attestation
Performing laboratoryGene by Gene, Ltd.
Laboratory address1445 North Loop West, Suite 760, Houston, TX 77008
CLIA certificationCLIA #45D1102202
CAP accreditationCAP #7212851 · accredited through 7 October 2027
Laboratory DirectorFeng Zhou, PhD, MB(ASCP)
Specimen typeBuccal (cheek) swab — genomic DNA
AccessionMRW-26-13784A
Date reported29 July 2026

This specimen was tested at Gene by Gene, Ltd., 1445 North Loop West, Suite 760, Houston, TX 77008, under CLIA #45D1102202 and CAP #7212851. Laboratory Director: Feng Zhou, PhD, MB(ASCP). Marrow Health is not a clinical laboratory and does not perform testing; Marrow prepares and delivers this report from data produced by the performing laboratory named above. Report generated 29 July 2026 · Accession MRW-26-13784A · © 2026 Marrow Health.